There now is clear evidence agreed to by the NSA, CIA and the FBI that Russia*, with directives directly from President Putin, waged a cybercrime by interfering with the US Presidential election. The DNC and the RNC were hacked and millions of documents stolen and then given to others, including Wikileaks. Emails of Hillary Clinton and John Podesta were released as retaliation by Putin against Clinton and to promote the candidacy of the Republican nominee.
The Federalist Papers are often used to interpret the constitution and provide judges and scholars insights into the founders thinking.
Federalist Paper 68 explains why the Electoral College was created, and what is their responsibility if there is evidence that a foreign power interfered in the election of the US president. If there is doubt that there is the possibility that the “winner” could be influenced by a foreign power then it is the individual responsibility of electors to deny Trump the presidency.
To take personal responsibility for casting their electoral vote opposing the popular vote of their state will be extremely difficult. Many electors became electors for their party as a reward. Voting for someone other than the Republican nominee does mean a vote for Clinton. They are free to vote for another person who they think is fit to be president.
Thirty-eight of 302 electors could change the results and send the message that the President-elect is not fit for office. Lets hope they are courageous. We must support them.
*I participated with Russian teachers, professors, researchers and student and Russian government officials for more than 20 years (1981-2002).